Open d guitar tuning. Select your key to get started.

If anything is off, individually check each Open Tuning - An open tuning is defined as one that forms a major chord when all the strings are played open (no strings fretted by the left hand). Tune the 1st (top E) string down a tone to D. Select your key to get started. It is a beautiful but lonely love song by Bear’s Den included in their “Live in Amsterdam” album. The tuner defaults to standard tuning (EADGBe), but you can access alternate tunings by clicking on "standard" and choosing the tuning you’d like to use. F#. Tune your acoustic, electric or bass guitar, select from standard tuning, 12 alternate tunings or customize your own! Open D guitar tuning using a tuner online. Standard Tuning Drop D Tuning Drop G Tuning Open D Tuning Open G Tuning Open C Tuning. Here’s how to tune your guitar to open D tuning in simple steps: Tune the 6th string (low E) down a tone (whole step) to D. Remember, the 4th, 3rd, and 2nd strings form a major triad in Open D tuning, which is super helpful and always a great reference. There are many different ways to tune your guitar to play in open A including: EAC♯EAE. The strings are tuned to the following notes: D♯3G♯3C♯4F♯4A♯4D♯5. The black dots represent the markers on your guitar on fret 3, 5, 7, 9 and 12 (double marker). Open D tuning has the notes D, A, D, F#, A, and D. low E down a whole step to D. And if you like you can tune to open G and capo on the 2nd fret for open A (since open A requires tuning up). Raise the 5th (A) string up a tone (whole step) to B. Feb 4, 2023 · Guitar Tuner: OPEN DAn open tuning is a type of alternate tuning that makes your guitar produce a triad (chord) when you strum all of the open strings at onc Here is the open D major tuning, perfect for blues slide guitar!Strings (from 1st to 6th) are D, A, F#, D, A, D. Follow the steps below to tune your guitar to Open Dm: Tune the 6th (low E) string down a whole step to D. Open D guitar tuning is becoming more Sep 27, 2022 · What is Open Tuning on Guitar? “Open tunings” are when the unfretted or open strings of the guitar are tuned in such a way as to sound a specific chord. D. paypal. Aug 6, 2018 · https://www. Access each of these settings directly on our Open D guitar tuner or click on “Advanced May 27, 2020 · Below are the notes on the fretboard for a guitar in Open D tuning, which means that your 1st and 6th strings are lowered to a D, your 2nd string is lowered to A and your G string is lowered to F#. Mar 8, 2012 · Open D Tuning. So the F# triad is composed of the 3-5-7 scale degrees. Notice how the Open D tuning notes for the guitar are shown at the very top of the Dec 24, 2008 · Here's a sample of the huge 90 minute lesson that Troy Brenningmeyer teaches on his website www. Most guitars should be able to handle open D without many issues. When you barre across the 3rd fret for an F major, these notes become 3 Fs, 1 A and 2 Cs. gl/nDtSmJLESSON WRITEUP & RECOMMENDED SONG: https://www. Search out the lyrics, tune your guitar down and apply the open D tuning to your next gig and jam session. The first string (E) is lowered to D, the second string (B) is lowered to A, the third string (G) is lowered to F#, and the sixth string (A) is lowered to G. G down a half step to F#. Limited time for July, 2024. Because of its relatively limited fretting requirements, open D is one of the simpler tunings to use on the guitar. com/Today we're looking at open D tuning, how it works, an Aug 25, 2023 · The notes for open D tuning are: D-A-D-F#-A-D. An altered tuning can be almost any combination of notes; Jimmy Page, Nick Drake, and Joni Mitchell have all used both altered and open tunings. Keep plucking the string and turning the peg up till you have reached the B note. Our online guitar tuner comes with over 100 different tunings. Mar 24, 2023 · Let’s clarify the tuning used before we start. Here are the strings to tune down from standard guitar tuning: Play the open 4th string (D), and lower the 6th string down a whole step. It is frequently employed in blues, rock, and folk genres. We have online guitar tuners for Drop Tuning, S Jan 8, 2021 · Master the Blues in Open D Guitar Tuning. Low A – this is the same as the low A string on a standard guitar – the second biggest wound string Oct 29, 2023 · In this video I play a short and easy slide blues on an old Harmony guitar tuned to open D. If you think of a standard 6-string guitar, or if you want to use a standard guitar string pack to do these tunings, you can think of it like this: Low D – take the low E string (the biggest wound string) and tune it down a full step to D. Jan 7, 2021 · Some of the chord progressions vary from the standard 12 bar blues progression, but most just have the three chords you learned above. No topo do ecrã podes ver as notas no braço da guitarra para Open D. If you want tabs and sheet music for this piece get it here:https Get 30% off all of my video courses with code “NOV30” at checkout! https://rhettshullguitarcourses. The G string drops a whole step to an F — this makes the open tuning minor since F is the minor third of D. Blues progression start strumming/ p 2 JamTrack Packs included. When you are tuned correctly to Open D the strings will make a D chord when strummed open. uk/online-lessons/george-ezra-barcelona/Ge Resembles EADGBE ’s famous ‘0-2-2-1-0-0’ Emaj shape in terms of intervals – a general pattern sometimes known as ‘Vestapol’ (after The Siege of Sevastopol, an earnest 1854 American folk song about the Crimean War, popular in parlor guitar instructional manuals of the 19th century: more below). Jan 13, 2015 · #opendtuning #goldenoldies #guitaropentuning 10 golden oldies played in open D tuning using the same 3 chords - D G and A. With the strings unfretted, open A tuning gives you a voicing identical to a first-position A chord in standard tuning, with the D, G May 21, 2023 · Open D tuning on guitar is D, A, D, F sharp, A, D, low to high. It's handy to sound the open 4th string (D) as a reference note. Commonly used open tunings are open D tuning, open E tuning, open G tuning, open A tuning, and open C tuning. This stacks up like an E major chord in regular tuning but dropped down a tone. Tune down the high E string to a D. com★Get more!: https Jul 6, 2023 · 5th (A) String: Pluck this string, and turn the string’s tuning peg away from you to raise its pitch. Open A tuning (low to high, E A E A C# E) is to open G what open E tuning is to open D - the same thing a whole step higher and, similarly, for many players, its electric-guitar counterpart ( FIGURE 13 ). Open Tuning Guitar provides lessons on how to use open tunings 6 corda - D2. Don Oct 25, 2023 · How to play a rock song in Open D tuning with guitar tabs included. Ex. String 1 is the thinnest, on the far right-hand side. Please SUBSCRIBE http://bit. 2). In the above video, Ted provides some background information on slide guitar and open tunings (like which tunings are best for which genres). Now when you play the open strings, you get a D chord, and a barre at fret 5 will produce a G chord. A. The open D tuning (D–A–D–F ♯ –A–D), also called "Vestapol" tuning, is a common open tuning used by European and American/Western guitarists working with alternative tunings. B down a whole step to A. Jan 4, 2021 · First, you need to lower the low sixth string to D. When you're in open E tuning, for example, if you strum across all 6 strings open (without fretting), you will hear the chord E major. Using open D as a starting point obviously means the goalposts have moved regarding fretting hand fingering and chord shapes, but what is lost in one Traditional Tuning: EADGBe. There are two guitars in this tune. Leave the 5th string (A) and fourth string (D) unchanged. Nov 15, 2020 · Here are a few Christmas arrangements to wrap your fingers around in Open D (DADF#AD) guitar tuning from the Open D Guitar Christmas Songbook. Keep your fingers down on the fingerboard where possible after playing a note (Ex. From there, keep the A and D strings the same. You only have to retune 4 of your 6 strings. Nov 22, 2022 · Side Note: An awesome product that’ll automatically tune your guitar and is useful to keep track of custom tunings is the Roadie automatic guitar tuner. Get to it! Apr 11, 2020 · Hi sweethearts! I do this for fun and to spread happiness and Love! Hi! Beginner Open D Blues Guitar Lesson! Messiahsez Gives A Basic Open D Guitar Lesson. Tips for tuning your guitar. Bear’s Den – Agape. Raise the 3rd string (G) up a semitone (half step) to G#. This article will teach you how to tune your guitar to the open d tuning using only 3 simple steps and open d tuning guitar chords. Here are the steps to help you easily tune your guitar to play in open A tuning: The low E and A strings stay the same as in standard tuning. 1st string- D, 2nd string- A, 3rd string- D, 4th string-F#, 5th string- A, 6th string- D. 1. Tune your guitar using our free online guitar tuners. Lower the 2nd string (B) down a tone to A. The only difference is that Open-E is one whole step higher than Open-D. ZZ Top – Tush. Other popular tunings include open tunings like Open D and Open E. Standard vs Alternate Tunings Alternate guitar tunings are essentially any open string combination other than E – A – D – G – B – E (standard tuning). Like I said: all of the scales, notes, and chords would be in Jan 21, 2024 · Standard guitar tuning is the most common tuning for a six-string guitar, starting from the lowest pitch to the highest: E, A, D, G, B, and E. It appeared in 1992 on the band’s famous album, Ten. The most commonly used open guitar tunings are open E, D, G and A. This creates an open and resonant sound that allows for rich, full chords to be played with minimal effort. Use a good tuner and once you get through all six strings, go back and check the tuning again. With the examples below, you could say I’m coming from the Keith Richards Anyone interested in learning about alternate tunings should seriously consider starting with the blues, which has a history of songs playing on the guitar using open tunings. Hopefully you remember that we used the 12th fret harmonic of the low E-string and matched that to the open D-string. Open D, or “open D tuning”, is a tuning of the following notes: DADF#AD. 4th (D) String: Similarly, pluck the 4th string and tune it up to one full whole step till you reach the E note. Lower the 3rd string by a semitone (half step) from G to F#. Nov 29, 2023 · This means the strings that need to be altered from standard tuning (6th, 3rd, 2nd, and 1st) are tuned down a whole step, reducing the tension of these strings. This is due to the fact that all my open strings Open D tuning is a favorite among slide guitar players due to the ease of sliding along the fretboard. This song was nominated as Song of the Year in the UK Americana Music Awards in 2016. Leave the A and D strings, then lower the G string down to F#. The tune is considered one of Pearl Jam’s greatest hits. Lower the third string to F# Jan 31, 2023 · The first open D guitar book that I wanted to mention is the Classical Guitar Book in Open D Tuning by Brent C Robitaille. Raise the 4th (D) string up a tone (whole step) to E. Known as the A Dominant Seventh or A dominant, Adom7 chord. Keep turning the peg and plucking the string until you reach the note B. Guitar tabs start at 1:21. Afinação Open D através Open tunings are guitar tunings that, when strummed without any fingers on the frets, make a chord. Here is the basic riff: Okay, I think it’s time for you to write your own amazing songs in Open D tuning now. andyguitar. In this example, we are going to use the E String on our guitar. Open guitar tuning is a form of alternate tuning (from the standard E A D G B e) based around the notes of a major or minor chord. Como configurar Open D: Começa com o sistema clássico de afinação e depois baixa a primeira corda (E → D), a segunda corda (B → A), a terceira (G → F), a sexta (E → D). Open D tuning is one of the most popular open tunings, due to its versatility. This tuning allows for easy chord shapes and scales, making it ideal for beginners and experienced players alike. Starting from the lowest note, the interval structure corresponds to 1, 5, 1, 3, 5, 1. Read the full open D minor chords lesson here:http What is Open D Tuning? Open D tuning is an alternative tuning for the guitar that involves tuning the strings to a specific chord, in this case the D major chord, with the low string tuned down to a D note. com!Check it out! Here’s how you would adjust your strings from standard tuning to open E: Start by plucking the 5th (A) string. Other useful chords can be played by simply adding one or two fingers, or by barring across all the Description - Open D. The A7 guitar chord can also be played in other tunings: Chord chart diagrams for the A7 chord in Open D tuning. This is the classical system (E to D). Open tunings tune all six of the guitar strings in such a way that it’s easy to play chords in an open position using one or fewer fingers. Afinador online para afinação de guitarra Open D. Open D Major Tuning online guitar tuner. 3). Open D tuning gets its name from when you strum all of the open strings, you get the D major chord. high e down a full step to D. Open D is an alternate guitar tuning in which the strings are tuned to D2, A2, D3, F#3, A3, D4 (low to high). Open D: D A D F♯ A D. D or 1 - 000000Em or 2m - 2x2100F#m or 3m - 4x4300G or 4 - 5x55 Oct 14, 2017 · SUBSCRIBE TO ANDY'S CHANNEL: http://goo. Tune your guitar and other instruments with GuitarTuna, the world’s #1 online tuner. Here’s how to tune your guitar to open E tuning in simple steps: Leave the 6th string (low E) the same as standard tuning. me/187GuitarplayerAnything helps! Thanks :)If you need other tunings, message me!Check out my channel for informations about my Guitars/Ef Oct 8, 2022 · Introduction to Open D. May 8, 2023 · Johnson’s “Big Road Blues” is a captivating embodiment of the quintessential blues form. The open d tuning is also known as the drop d tuning or the drop d tuning. The most complete instructional book ever written exclusively for DADF#AD tuning. The top E (1st) string stays the same as Feb 4, 2021 · Open D is really easy to tune your guitar to. You’ll know that your guitar is in open D tuning when you can strum all six strings and it creates a full, humongous D chord. Keep the B and top E strings tuned the same as standard Sep 16, 2013 · In this guitar lesson I'll show you how to tune your guitar to Open D Tuning, very cool tuning, used by slide players. Start for Free. Aug 4, 2021 · Click for Tab. In open D minor tuning, your strings would be tuned as follows: • D (lowest string) • A • D • F • A • D (highest string) Now that you’re familiar with the differences between standard tuning and open D minor tuning, here’s how you’ll tune your guitar to open D minor: • Start by tuning your low E string down one whole step to Jun 5, 2024 · In standard tuning, the six strings of the guitar are tuned to the following notes from low to high: E, A, D, G, B, and E. This tuning is popular with guitar players. Lower the B string to A and the high E string down to D. 1. The fingerings etc are the same. The first guitar plays an opening riff with a distorted rock sound at the beginning. Three easy steps to start playing in Open D tuning today!★Request your invite to Tony's Acoustic Challenge today: https://tonypolecastro. But even in standard tuning, you don’t need to strum all 6 strings to play a major chord. Open E – E B E G♯ B E – Almost the same as Open D, but tuned a whole tone higher. Open tunings are often used when playing slide guitar, and were popular with early folk and blues players, and later utilized by rock guitarists with heavy blues influences, such as Keith Richards and The fretboard below show the notes for a Standard Guitar when "D♯ Tuning" is used. This means that when you strum all the strings without pressing down any frets, you will hear a D major chord ringing out. With Open D tuning, you can easily play an open D May 20, 2023 · Normal tuning: E A D G B E. Open D and Open E tuning are the same, just like Open A and Open G. Alternate Tuning - An Alternate tuning does not form a major chord when all strings are played open, although the open strings may form a chord. Amazing Grace for Guitar (Open D Tuning) Free download of "Amazing Grace" tab and sheet music arranged by Jake Shane for guitar in Open D tuning. ly/jgtr-su Oct 12, 2022 · This one has one guitar in Open D tuning and another in standard tuning. Then the A- and the D-string stay the same, which is very convenient, but we'll come back to that in a little bit. Different open tunings are prevalent in a wide variety of musical styles such as blues, rock, country and folk. Pro tip: The Fender Online guitar tuner can help you tune your guitar to the Nov 21, 2010 · Open D tuning on lap steel. C Major Scale in Open D; Using just two shapes you can easily play any song that can be broken down into basic harmony. Tuning your guitar to open D-minor tuning starts with tuning your low E string down to a D. It’s probably for that reason A common open G tuning is: DGDGBD . The most complete instructional book ever written exclusively for DADF#AD tuning. When using a slide that spans the width of a fretboard, open tunings can come in handy. Eric Clapton Jul 11, 2020 · 2) Best Finger Positioning. Mar 31, 2022 · The most popular open tunings among guitarists are: Open A, Open D, Open E, and Open G. 1). This naturally gives the notes played in this tuning a very uplifting, and happy vibe. The advantages of playing in open D are many. “Agape” is another song that applied an open D guitar tuning in the folk-rock genre. When I first headed into that Guitar Center to buy an Open D guitar book, I was looking for something with banging metal riffs and heavy blues tunes, so I didn’t exactly expect to walk out with a classic guitar book. To change from standard tuning, strings 6,1 and 2 are lowered by a tone (or 2 frets) and string 3 is lowered by a semitone (1 fret). With fluency on the traditional guitar, this traditional tuning over to the mando-guitar would be the most transferrable. By the way, the chords in a typical D Major chord progression are as follows: D Major, E Minor, F# Minor, G Major, A Major, B Minor, and C# Diminished. :) Open E Tuning. Learn 20 different voicings of the A7 chord on guitar with printable chord charts. Take your Open D guitar playing to the next level with 101 Blues Riffs & Solos in Open D Guitar Tuning. Open D – D A D F♯ A D – Open D is a popular blues tuning, and one of my personal favourites. co/slideGet ready to play slide blues tunes with this Open-D tuning Two-octaves shape, open position. These tunings are used in a wide variety of musical styles such as rock, folk, blues, and country. co. LessonsWithTroy. Set in Open D Tuning, a popular tuning for blues guitarists, the song invites a sense of curiosity with its erratic and elusive guitar rhythms, and ruminative lyrics exploring the depths of the blues experience. Sep 15, 2020 · If you want to learn this entire lesson on Open Tunings & how to apply these tunings to songs with the slide guitar, get this entire video course at https:// Open D Guitar - Bm Minor Chords - Tuning=D A D F# A D Here are 12 ways to play Bm in Open D Guitar Tuning. EAC♯EAC♯. Now your G string has to go down by a half step, so we'll use the 4th fret Nov 17, 2022 · Open D Tuning Guitar Lessons! Open D is D A D F# A D. Step 1: The first step is to find out which string needs to be tuned down. So in Open D tuning an D major chord sounds without the need of fingering. String 6 is the thickest, on the left-hand side of the chord diagram. 7. So an open A tuning simply requires you to tune the strings so that, when the open strings are played, it makes an A chord sound. The tuner is fully chromatic but if you need a reference of a specific tuning when tuning by ear or if you want Home > Tuning > Open Tuning Open Guitar Tuning - Audio Tuners and Tips. The Open-D and Open-E tuning are two of the traditional tunings in the family of Open Major Chord tunings. It offers an accurate, robust, and versatile tuning experience that can be customized to meet your specific needs. I’ve gone for classic open D (from low to high): D A D F# A D. me/azirnaAnything helps! :)Thank you so much for watching guys! Leave a comment if you need any help or have any suggestions! I would real Dec 13, 2013 · https://www. org is designed to cater to both novice and experienced musicians when tuning to Open D. This tuning doesn’t require tuning up any strings. Guitar Scales for Open D Tuning Scale diagrams mapping out notes and scale patterns for guitar in open D tuning. Stevie Ray Vaughan – Pride and Joy. Apr 2, 2020 · Open A. Open G tuning is an alternate tuning that allows guitarists to play a G major chord without having to touch any frets or use a capo. This is the standard guitar tuning which you can also find as standard alternate tunings on the banjitar, guitalele, and mando-guitar. Hold your fingers close to the fingerboard in an evenly spaced position (Ex. In Open D tuning, the strings are tuned to form a D major chord when strummed open. You can think of Open-E as Open-D with capo on 2nd fret if it helps you understand the relation between the two. There are several versions of Open G tuning, but in this post, we will use the most popular version: 6=D, 5=G, 4=D, 3=G, 2=B,1=D. Chord charts in Open D Tuning with various voicings and keys. It is a great choice for blues, folk, and rock music. Major Scales. Free Online Open D Guitar Tuner. This book is great for beginners and excellent for intermediate and advanced guitarists looking to enrich their Once you’re in-tune, repeat this process for the remaining strings of your guitar. The strings are tuned D-A-D-F#-A-D, with the D-string being the lowest. BECOME A PREMIUM MEMBER:https://mybgi. Apr 13, 2019 · In other ways, open D-minor tuning presents unique challenges. Since open D only involves tuning four of your strings down a half or whole step, you don’t necessarily need to set your guitar up for open D. Mar 4, 2021 · For an open D, we get these from the 3 D strings (1st, 4th and 6th), 1 F♯ string (3rd) and 2 A strings (2nd and 5th). For other alternatives see the available tunings for Standard Guitar. Turn the tuning peg for this string away from you, raising the pitch of the string. Both songs, “O Come, All Ye Faithful”and “God Rest Ye Merry Gentlemen,”arranged with notation, guitar tablature and some suggested finger and barre markings. Open G tuning gets its name from the open G chord because it requires guitarists to tune their strings to the notes that make up a G chord: G, B, and D. The fingerboard diagram below shows a D Pentatonic Blues scale in Open D tuning. Join my video tutorial to explore some chords and fingerings with me. Tune down the B string to an A. Raise the D (4th) string by a tone (whole step) up to E. Thus, the tuning represents a logical Apr 14, 2020 · The first step is to get into drop D. Steps to tune your guitar to Open D with open guitar tuning: Tune the low E string (6th string) one whole step down to D; The A string (5th string) stays the same Jun 1, 2024 · Open D tuning is a popular alternative guitar tuning that allows for unique and rich sounds to be produced on the instrument. So, let’s take an in-depth look at each of these open tunings. May 30, 2013 · Now that you have tuned the sixth string to D, use this to tune your first string to D as well. Raise the G (3rd) string up by a tone (whole step) to A. Fret 7 barre will give you an A chord. Jan 5, 2006 · For example, tuning a guitar to DGDGBD low to high is Open G, and strumming with no strings fretted sounds a G major chord in second inversion. Jan 11, 2021 · Master the Blues in Open D Guitar Tuning. Open tunings, in contrast to the Standard tuning of […] Feb 23, 2024 · Tune the low E string to a low D. Check the diagram: Open D is a common tuning for slide guitar, particularly older school slide guitar. Open D String Notes. A firm understanding of triads is essential for understanding more complex chord types, and is also fundamental in . The Allman Brothers Band instrumental " Little Martha " used an open D tuning raised one half step, giving an open E♭ tuning with the same intervallic Structure and Use of Open D. General Tips for Learning Open/Alternate Tunings. One is tuned in Open D, and the other is in Standard Tuning. Chuck Berry – Johnny B Goode. The EADGBE tuning is the foundation for most guitar music, providing a familiar and comfortable starting Oct 17, 2023 · An open tuning is where the open strings of the guitar are tuned to a chord: in this case, G major (low to high: DGDGBD). Discover the benefits, chord shapes, scales, and songs in Open D, and how to write music in this tuning. Raise the B (2nd) string up one whole step to C#. To be honest, I play this one most of the time, as it is called Even Flow is a great song to play in Open D tuning. However, it’s still recommended to set your guitar up for it, especially if you plan Apr 23, 2018 · A common first altered tuning is ‘Drop D’ in which string 6 (E) is tuned down a tone to a D, giving a power chord under one finger across the three low strings. It is another tuning that works equally well on lap steel, standard guitars, and Weissenborn guitars. In open G tuning, you can play a G chord without having to Feb 12, 2024 · With open G, we are tuned to a G major chord, which includes the notes G, B and D. Our guitar chord charts are free and printable for Open D guitar tuning. The B string drops to an A, and Open D Tuning. Tune down the G string to an F#. Notes: D - F - G - Ab - A - C Intervals: 3 - 2 - 1 - 1 - 3 - 2 Type: Hexatonic. Open G Tuning – D-G-D-G-B-D. Leave the A and D strings as they are. Open D tuning, for example, is so common that it has its own name among blues players: Vestapol tuning. F# is the 3rd scale degree of D major. Lower the second string to an A using the fifth string for reference. Subscribe to our channel if you want to be in Jul 29, 2016 · For example, if I tune the 6th, 3rd, 2nd, and 1st strings of my guitar to a D, F#, A, and D note respectively, I will end up with an open D tuning. This video is very suitable for gu Aug 5, 2016 · 0:00 Introduction2:50 Ry Cooder's take on open-D vs open-G3:59 Getting your guitar into open-D tuning6:00 Using a slide in open-D9:00 Bob Dylan song examples Free online guitar tuner from Fender. If there is anything you would like to see, please ask and I will happily do it!! Download GuitarTuna today to tune, practice, and play the songs you love. The Open D guitar tuner provided by OnlineTuner. Place your fingers close to the frets to avoid fret rattle and buzzing (Ex. This familiar tuning allows for a vast range of chords and scales, forming the foundation for countless songs across various genres. You can play the usual tonic chord, D major, by simply playing all the open strings. co/iVjSmGRAB THE FREE SLIDE DOWNLOAD:https://mybgi. If you take the pitch a little lower and then bring it back up to pitch, the guitar Nov 27, 2023 · Learn how to tune your guitar to Open D, a low-tension tuning that offers a warm and ethereal sound for fingerstyle and slide guitar. The A and D strings stay the same as in standard tuning. zr zq gv fb sk wd pr ko mm cp